Effects Of The North American Free Trade Agreement On Corn...

The Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement on Corn Trade between the United States and Mexico Prerna Gait ID: 4299385 ECON 3951 – Senior Project Abstract: This paper examines the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on corn trade between US and Mexico since 1994. NAFTA had a great impact on corn trade between US and Mexico mainly because of trade liberalization which enabled US to increase its corn exports to Mexico. This paper closely looks at how the implementation of NAFTA and the United States corn subsidies led to a decrease in the Mexican corn prices, which further led to the out-migration of people working in the Mexican agriculture sector to the urban sector. Introduction: On†¦show more content†¦Essential ideas: As mentioned earlier, the biggest motivation for NAFTA’s existence was to promote trade liberalization and prosperity by creating a free trade zone between US, Mexico, and Canada. Agriculture sector was the most affected by NAFTA’s implementation, propelling small-scale Mexican farmers to compete against large-scale US farmers. US corn subsidies led to the Mexican markets being flooded with cheap and unsubsidized corn which lead to the displacement of Mexican agricultural population to the cities. The US Mexico corn trade demonstrates how trade and migration can be complements instead of substitutes if the main reason for trade is differences in technology. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the relationship between trade and migration is that of the substitution type due to the Factor-price equalization theorem. (Samelson, 1948) However, what we observe in this paper is that corn trade contrasted with this trade theory. â€Å"In standard Heckscher-Ohlin trade th eory, capital-rich country will impose labor-intensive goods from labor-rich country S. Trade liberalization shifts additional production of labor-intensive goods from labor-rich country S and capital-intensive goods to country N. These production shifts inturn put upward pressure on country S wages, discouraging emigration† (NAFTA Revisited: Achievements and Challenges, 1997). Effects of NAFTA: NAFTA had a huge

Legal And Social Acknowledgement Of Corporal Punishment

There are numerous contributory factors to child physical abuse, one of which is a legal and social acknowledgement of corporal punishment supported by cultural norms in several countries. In the name of discipline maintenance, spanking, hitting or beating, as common forms of physical punishment, are generally believed to be effective in behaviour and action management. In the U.S, it is considered acceptable and legitimate to spank or slap a child at the age of 12 (Straus et al., 1980; cited in Starr, 1988). According to WHO (2002), in Egypt, shaking, pinching and slapping are common punitive measures. Rural Indian parents are recorded to slap their children on head, face and buttocks very often (WHO, 2002). Despite a fine line separating punishment and abuse, the boundary is likely to be overlapped frequently. Researchers have substantiated an association between severe punishment and physical victimization (Frà ©chette, Zoratti Romano, 2015; Zoloto, 2014). It is indicated that t he more recurring and continual punishment is, the more extreme and drastic it tends to be, satisfying the physical abuse clarification (Belsky 1993; Gershoff 2002a; Straus and Stewart 1999; Zolotor et al. 2008; cited in Frà ©chette, Zoratti Romano, 2015). Moreover, parents’ dependency on corporal punishment caused by the gradual ineffectiveness of non-physical or moderate methods (Graziano, 1994; McCord, 1996; cited in Frontes, 2005) can probably result in the utilization of instruments (Miller Show MoreRelatedThe Behavioral Definition of Punishment1907 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper will provide the behavioral definition of punishment and give examples of both positive and negative punishment in different types of settings. The guidelines for the effective use of punishment, as well as legal and ethical issues that should be considered by the Behavior Analyst while designing a behavior intervention plan are identified. The term punishment as used in operant conditioning refers to any change that occurs after a behavior happens that reduces the likelihood thatRead MoreCareer Retention Specialist37340 Words   |  150 Pagesand CO, collecting endorsements for Marine’s retention request, creating and submitting retention requests, extensions, and contracts. 3. Applicability. This course is intended for instructional purposes only. This course is designed for Marine Corporals and above who are assigned formally or informally to perform duties of Career Retention Specialist (MOS 8421), with no experience and/or training for the job. The course is intended for Marines who perform this duty as a B billet and are not ableRead MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 PagesSOPs-when in development and when approved-consistent with Army Regulation (AR) 380-5 and to ensure compliance with AR 380-10 for foreign disclosure. Every SOP must have the signature of the approving authority within your chain of command before it is a legal document. Normally, at the squad or platoon level, your commander or his designated representative will be the approving authority. You will prepare a draft SOP based on your review of the procedure(s), the reference source(s), and required informationRead MoreHealth, Safety and Welfare in Ecce Setting19648 Words   |  79 Pagesnot only on the part of parents, caregivers, teachers and other professional personnel, but also relatives, friends, neighbours, co-workers, communities and the major economic, social and political institutions of the entire society.† (Bronfenbrenner, 1997:38) Aim and Introduction. I am going to research the legal requirements related to the ECCE setting, for example: child-staff ratios, health and safety policies etc. I am going to outline the factors that contribute to the overall well-beingRead MoreHealth, Safety and Welfare in Ecce Setting19648 Words   |  79 Pagesnot only on the part of parents, caregivers, teachers and other professional personnel, but also relatives, friends, neighbours, co-workers, communities and the major economic, social and political institutions of the entire society.† (Bronfenbrenner, 1997:38) Aim and Introduction. I am going to research the legal requirements related to the ECCE setting, for example: child-staff ratios, health and safety policies etc. I am going to outline the factors that contribute to the overall well-being

Christopher Marlowe s The Tragical History Of The Life...

After the centuries of the Dark Ages, Europe began to rise from the dirt and social troubles into a modern civilization full of art and knowledge. The era of Renaissance shone above the peninsula of Italy and continuously moved to Western Europe and England. The era of reawakening began and the modern world started developing rapidly. In the 16th century, a playwright, poet and translator, Christopher Marlowe, decided to reach out even further than an ordinary human experience. In the age of social, scientific and cultural rebirth, Marlowe examined the possibilities and consequences of reaching out the most from knowledge, power and wealth. In the play, The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, the main protagonist, Dr. Faustus, sick and tired of the limited abilities of any human individual trades his soul with the lord of the hell, Lucifer, for 24 years of limitless power, liberty and knowledge. Faustus travels around the world, unconscious about his destiny, an d enjoys all of the worldly and sensual pleasures. Unfortunately, in the end, when Faustus finally realizes his fate and begs for forgiveness from God, the demons drags Doctor into the flames of hell. Through the development of the play, Christopher Marlowe illustrates Dr. Faustus metamorphosis from an ambitious â€Å"superman† to a fragile and frail person, who falsely believes that owns the power above his surroundings. In the beginning of the play, Dr. Faustus is found in his study maintainingShow MoreRelatedDoctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe1359 Words   |  5 PagesWhat would you sell your soul for? A question Faustus had to ask when he wanted to gain more than just knowledge. England during the 1550’s had gone through many changes with religion, leaving the people unsure of what they wanted. When Elizabeth finally claimed throne and stayed Queen for a forty- five year reign, there were stable religious changes. For an escape and way of entertainment, society would attend plays. Due to the changing events during the Elizabethan era, plays were a stress relieverRead MoreThe Life and Works of Christopher Marlowe Essay1316 Words   |  6 Pagescritique on Christopher Marlowe as a playwright in his Lectures on the Dramatic Literature of the Age of Elizabeth and honestly he could not have said it any better. Christopher Marlowe was a brilliant man who excelled in school. He was a gifted in dividual and with the help of schooling became a famous playwright in the 16th century. He was roughly two months older than William Shakespeare and has been identified as the most important of Shakespeare’s predecessors. Christopher Marlowe was knownRead MoreDoctor Faustus As A Tragic Hero3066 Words   |  13 PagesChristopher Marlowe wrote The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus in times of philosophical and religious debate. This was also a time when people began to openly explore the forbidden knowledge of magic as a way of testing the religious parameters set in the Renaissance period. Aristotle has basic characteristics that involve making a person a tragic hero in a story. A character must be noble, respected, knowledgeable, but also human and not perfect. Doctor Faustus exhibits these characteristicsRead MoreThe Myth Of Doctor Faustus By Christopher Marlowe1026 Words   |  5 Pagesof Drama Shorter Second Edition by Gainor, Garner Jr., and Puchner. Out of the plays we have read, ranging from Oedipus the King by Sophocles to The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe, the play Everyman by Anonymous uses drama to reflect upon the religious and political concerns of the t ime. Everyman took place during the 1530’s. Drama in the medieval church developed through the early religious plays. This medieval drama is what powered the Christian religious and moral themesRead More Barkovs Hamlet: A Tragedy of Errors Essay6762 Words   |  28 PagesShakespeare authorship: The text of Hamlet contains indications that Shakespeare portrayed himself as an allegedly dead university graduate. HAMLET: A TRAGEDY OF ERRORS, OR THE TRAGICAL FATE OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE? by Alfred Barkov To the contents When the text of William Shakespeare: a mask for Hamlet - Christopher Marlowe? William Shakespeare Hamlet is read attentively, and no details are disregarded, it becomes evident that William Shakespeare included in it something quite different from what

Preventing Infection While Inserting Central free essay sample

The most common infection is the central line associated blood stream infection (CLABSI). The risk is greater when the central intravenous line is in place for a longer period of time, especially when the catheter is not maintained appropriately or when there is a leakage of IV fluid into the tissues. Inserting a central intravenous line is a sterile procedure so it is a nurse’s responsibility to minimize the risk of infections. Health care-associated infections increase the length of hospitalization, hospital cost, patient discomfort, and morbidity and mortality rates (OGrady Pearson, 2002). Thus, it is important for health care professional and nurses to be responsible for knowing their roles and how to use maximum sterile barriers while placing central venous catheters. According to the Agency for Healthcare and Research Quality (AHRQ), there are many practices healthcare professionals should follow to prevent CLABSI (Marschall, 2008). Maximum sterile barriers are one of the essential practices when inserting central venous catheters to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections, which are observed in a patient care scenario that occurred in the neonatal intensive care unit. We will write a custom essay sample on Preventing Infection While Inserting Central or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jenkins is a former 30 weeks-premature male infant born with respiratory distress and placed on a ventilator. He later developed bowel distention and could not tolerate formula. He was started on a course of antibiotics and was given nothing by mouth (NPO). Infant was then started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and intralipids (IL) via peripheral intravenous line. Upper gastrointestinal X-rays were done and showed bowel perforation, so a pediatric surgeon was consulted for bowel surgery. It was found that the infant had exploratory laparotomy and bowel resection. Thus, the infant remained on NPO and total parenteral nutrition and intralipids continued to be administered. Due to long term needs of intravenous fluids (IVF), it was difficult to maintain the intravenous site, so the infant needed a CVC. Initially, a peripheral inserted central catheter line was unsuccessfully attempted three times by a nurse practitioner. The pediatric surgeon was consulted for the second time to surgically place a CVC for long term IVF fluids replacement. Before the patient went for the procedure, all health care personnel were responsible in following the recommended AHRQ guidelines to prevent an infection from occurring. This would include the monitoring of central line insertion before and after central line management with ongoing maintenance care (Marschall, 2008). Before Insertion: All nurses would be educated on the risk factors of CLABSI and proper maintenance of the central line, such as administration of medication, IV tubing changes, and dressing changes, according to their hospital’s policies and protocols. Nurses’ competencies would be reviewed on an annual basis, and nurses would verify that consulting surgeons or the trained staff is competent to do surgical central line insertions to make sure preventative measures are taken to bypass potential infections (Marschall, 2008). Parents would also be educated on risk factors before the CVC is inserted to learn how certain sterile techniques, such as cleaning hands with alcohol-based rub or soap and water, prevent infections. At Insertion: A catheter checklist is utilized to make sure all measures are taken to prevent infection when the CVC is inserted. Proper sterile barriers are implemented: a mask prevents infection from any talking and coughing that may occur; a hat prevents hair from falling; and sterile gown and gloves keep any microorganisms that may be on your hands and clothes from crossing the sterile barrier (Raad, Hanna, Maki, 2007). A sterile drape should cover the patient to provide additional protection against possible infection. Traffic is reduced around the sterile field, and a designated nurse observes that aseptic techniques are maintained during the procedure, reporting any changes in the aseptic technique. Gloves are used only after hands are washed with alcohol-based rub. Chlorhexidine is used on patients older than 32 weeks of age because further research is needed on the alternative effects on the skin. Povidine-iodine is used for patients under the age of 32 weeks. (Miller-Hoover Small, 2009). After Insertion: The catheter needs to be reevaluated on a daily basis to prevent infection. Nurse must use sterile maximum barriers when administering medication through the catheter injection port, changing IV tubing, and change dressing. Central venous catheters are usually cared and maintained by nurses, so nurses are accountable for following all the sterile technique measures when administering medications, changing IV tubing, and changing dressing (Sharpe, 2009). Nurses must assess the needs of the catheter on a routine basis to prevent CLABSI. Without proper care, a catheter can cause the development of sepsis, which leads to a spike in the mortality rate. Nurses are accountable for proper documentation of the central line site for skin integrity. In addition, nurses and other health care professionals must have good sanitary hygiene and create a sterile environment when interacting with patients. Preventing CLABSI all starts with proper care by healthcare professionals, but it also occurs as nurses educate the patients, their families, and their fellow peers on how to avoid infection. In conclusion, central venous catheters are one of the leading causes of infection in hospitals. The AHRQ has published guidelines and regulations to help nurses in their responsibilities to treat patients. These guidelines include the use of a catheter checklist, sufficient training of the nursing staff, and most importantly, and the creation of a maximum sterile barrier for the patient. Using the correct antiseptic based on age of the infant and proper hygiene by health professionals can make a large difference in hospitals where patients are prone to infections. Overall, it is the nurse’s responsibility to prevent infection by maintaining a sterile environment with a mask, cap, patient drape, and other barriers. With proper care and diligence, patient safety becomes an utmost priority.